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South Korea Environmental Export Market Plan
Appendix D: Miscellaneous Environmental Market Data
Appendix D – Miscellaneous Environmental Market Date
Average Exchange Rates (Korean won per U.S. dollar)

1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000P
2001-2002P
771.0
804.8
951.1
1,398.9
1,189.5
1,120
1,050
P: Projected
Source: Bank of Korea (1995-1999)

MOE Budget by Environmental Sector (Billion Korean won)
Sector
1999 Budget
2000 Budget
Change in Amount
% Change
Major Uses
All sectors – total
1,153.6
1,299.7
146.1
12.7
Water supply management
241.6
244.2
2.6
1.1
- Developing and improving regional water supply plants
Water quality preservation and wastewater management
355.2
408.2
53.0
14.9
- Installing waste water treatment plants
- Supporting industrial waste treatment projects
Waste management
268.7
286.5
17.9
6.6
- Developing landfills
- Installing incineration plants
- Installing recycling plants
Environmental R&D
114.0
126.7
12.7
11.1
- R&D of environmental technologies
- Supporting funds for environmental improvement
- Developing environmental research complexes
Natural environment preservation
59.2
72.9
13.7
23.2
- Pollution control with dead mines
- National park management
Air quality preservation
9.5
46.2
36.7
386.8
- Supplying CNG buses

- Expanding air quality monitoring network
General environmental management, other
105.5
115.0
9.5
9.0
Source: “1999 Environmental Industry Yearbook,” Environmental Management Research Center, Seoul, Korea, December 1999 (Original Source: MOE)
Government’s Environmental Investments by Environmental Sector (Billion Korean won)
Sector
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999 (P)
Air
4.2
9.5
9.9
11.1
10.0
Water and Soil
Water
Soil
1,339.3
n.a.
n.a.
1,552.4
n.a.
n.a.
2,246.6
n.a.
n.a.
1,761.9
1,756.2
5.7
1,882.2
1,877.7
4.5
Waste
Collection & Transport
Treatment
355.4
n.a.
n.a.
383.8
n.a.
n.a.
423.2
n.a.
n.a.
532.8
38.3
494.5
553.9
29.8
524.1
Noise and Vibration
6.4
7.2
10.3
6.6
5.6
Other
26.2
22.6
23.8
17.0
15.8
Total
1,731.5
1,975.5
2,713.9
2,329.5
2,467.5
(P) Preliminary
Source: “1999 Environmental Expenditure (Preliminary),” Bank of Korea, October 2000
Industry’s Environmental Investments by Environmental Sector (Billion Korean won)
Sector
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999 (P)
Air
540.3
528.2
806.1
491.0
618.0
Water and Soil
Water
Soil
476.0
n.a.
n.a.
547.7
n.a.
n.a.
399.5
n.a.
n.a.
293.1
286.3
6.8
242.8
237.9
4.9
Waste
Collection/Transport
Treatment
268.5
n.a.
n.a.
345.8
n.a.
n.a.
256.9
n.a.
n.a.
180.5
22.4
158.2
189.7
22.0
167.7
Noise and Vibration
32.0
31.9
9.8
6.3
7.4
Other
82.1
78.0
58.6
51.7
7.4
Total
1,399.0
1,531.5
1,531.0
1,022.6
1,097.4
(P) Preliminary
Source: “1999 Environmental Expenditure (Preliminary),” Bank of Korea, October 2000
Environmental Investments by Top 10 Korean Conglomerates (Billion Korean Won)
Conglomerate (Group)
1995
1996
1997
1998
Hyundai
251
483
198
127
Samsung
320
480
340
140
Daewoo
76
98
100
n.a.
LG
338
433
285
271
SK
377
330
70
93
Hanjin
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
Ssangyong
211
29
17
33
Hanwha
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
Kumho
51
56
51
48
Lotte
16
14
10
16
n.a. not available
Source: Korea Environmental Industry Association
Industry’s Investments in Pollution Control by Industry Sector (Billion Korean won)
Industry
1996
1997
1998
All industries – total
1,540
1,731
1,758
Food and beverage
85
87
42
Textiles
26
41
34
Pulp and paper
77
26
15
Chemicals
131
92
51
Oil refining
60
69
35
Rubber and plastics
16
15
9
Non-metal materials
73
57
31
Basic metals
142
190
51
Fabricated metals, machinery and equipment
131
58
47
Audio-visual and communications equipment
22
37
18
Electrical instruments and machinery
138
124
87
Transportation equipment
73
45
34
Other manufacturing
569
890
1,303
Source: Korea Environmental Industry Association
Number and Amount of Pollution Control Projects by Sector (Number of projects, billion Korean won)
Sector
1996
1997
1998
Number of ProjectsTotal
5,890
5,628
3,714
Air
3,273
3,290
1,935
Water quality
2,177
1,889
1,427
Noise and vibration
440
449
352
Total amount of projectsTotal
1,540
1,731
1,758
Air
547
670
905
Water quality
916
1,002
790
Noise and vibration
76
59
63
Source: Korea Environmental Industry Association
Environmental Improvement Fees (Million Korean won)
Year
Number of Cases
(thousand)
Amount of Fees Imposed (a)
Amount of Fees Collected (b)
Rate of Collection
(b)/(a) (%)
1996
5,527
178,380
157,724
88.4
1997
6,417
250,333
218,895
87.4
1998
6,756
320,566
267,280
83.4
Source: “1999 Environmental Industry Yearbook,” Environmental Management Research Center, Seoul, Korea, December 1999 (Original Source: MOE)

Number of Pollution Control Contractors by Specialization (1998)
Total
A
W
NV
A, W, NV
A, W
A, NV
W, NV
775
169
372
29
47
155
2
1
A: Air; W: Water; NV: Noise and vibration
Source: “1999 Environmental Industry Yearbook,” Environmental Management Research Center, Seoul, Korea, December 1999 (Original Source: MOE)
Number of Pollution Control Contractors by Size of Capitalization (1998)
Total
KrW1 billion or more
KrW500 million to
less than KrW1 billion
KrW200 million to less
than KrW500 million
775
286
59
430
100%
37.0%
7.6%
55.5%
Source: “1999 Environmental Industry Yearbook,” Environmental Management Research Center, Seoul, Korea, December 1999 (Original Source: Korean Environmental Industry Association)
Government Financing for Private-Sector Pollution Control Projects
Up to 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000 (P)
2001 (P)
Total Amount (KrW million)
321,917
60,000
54,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
Number of Projects
Financed
3,002
270
240
280
300
330
Source: “1999 Environmental Industry Yearbook,” Environmental Management Research Center, Seoul, Korea, December 1999 (Original Source: Korea Environmental Industry Association)
Note: Main fields of government financing include earthwork, installation of steel structures, and purchases and installation of environmental machinery, equipment, and instrumentation such as measuring instruments.
Top 30 Pollution Control Contractors (Engineering and Construction Companies) (1998)

Rank
Company
Sector
Total value of Projects
(KrW mio.)
Number of Projects
1
Korea Power Engineering (KOPEC)A, NV, W
249,971
9
2
Namkwang Engineering & ConstructionA, NV, W
98,264
10
3
Dongkwang EnvironmentA
94,201
12
4
Hyundai Industry Development & ConstructionA, NV, W
84,398
3
5
Korea Heavy Industry CorporationA, NV, W
72,316
7
6
Sungwon Industry Development & ConstructionW
53,371
5
7
Lotte EngineeringA, NV, W
52,069
16
8
Samsung EngineeringA, NV, W
48,369
10
9
Ssangyong Engineering & ConstructionA, NV, W
47,459
3
10
Sampoong Engineering & ConstructionW
46,825
1
11
LG EngineeringA, NV, W
34,673
18
12
Daewon Engineering & ConstructionW
28,970
1
13
Hyundai Precision & IndustryA, NV, W
28,021
4
14
Korea CottrelA
26,431
29
15
Hyundai Heavy IndustryA, NV, W
22,817
9
16
Kumho Engineering & ConstructionW
21,191
20
17
Hanjin Engineering & ConstructionA, NV, W
20,144
5
18
Lim Kwang ConstructionA, NV, W
19,796
10
19
Dong-Ah Construction IndustrialA, NV, W
16,939
5
20
Daelim EngineeringA, NV, W
16,740
24
21
LG Industrial SystemsA, W
16,683
7
22
Kongyoung EngineeringA
15,993
26
23
Youngdo Construction & IndustryW
15,744
4
24
Dongsung Engineering & ConstructionW
14,893
4
25
Hyundai EngineeringA, NV, W
12,675
4
26
Doosan Construction & EngineeringA, NV, W
12,124
6
27
Hyundai Engineering & ConstructionA, NV, W
11,451
6
28
Dongbu CorporationA, NV, W
10,678
6
29
Wonbang TechNV
10,513
15
30
Jindo Engineering & ConstructionA, NV, W
10,359
8
A: Air; W: Water; NV: Noise and vibration
Source: “1999 Environmental Industry Yearbook,” Environmental Management Research Center, Seoul, Korea, December 1999 (Original Source: Korea Environmental Industry Association)

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